![]() Recommended treatment length is 3-5 days. If empirical antimicrobials are indicated, initial therapy should consist of amoxycillin or trimethoprim / sulphonamide. If it is unclear whether culture will be positive, consider giving pain relief (if there are signs of pain) and await culture results rather than starting empirical antimicrobials straight away (see delayed prescribing technique). in last 3 months) and if the pathogen and its susceptibility pattern is predictable. ![]() No culture can be justified in dogs if there was no previous exposure to antimicrobials (i.e. Culture should always be performed in cats presenting with signs of FLUTD. Urine for culture should always be collected by cystocentesis unless there is a specific contra-indication. CultureĪerobic culture and susceptibility testing is recommended for all cases to confirm the presence of infection, identify the presence of resistant bacteria that may not respond to initial therapy, to help differentiate reinfection from relapse and to provide information on the most common bacteria causing urinary tract infections in the local area and local susceptibility patterns. Sediment analysis alone is inadequate for diagnosis because of problems in the variable quality of interpretation, stain contamination and false positive results from bacteriuria in the absence of clinical infection. Leukocyte and nitrite results on dipsticks are not reliable for veterinary species so pyuria can only be diagnosed using cytology. ![]() Urinalysis should be performed including measurement of specific gravity, urine dipstick and cytological examination of stained and unstained urine sediment. ![]() In an animal has had an infection (with clinical signs) in the last 3 months, they should be approached like ‘recurrent cystitis.’ For cases with co-morbidities or 3 or more episodes per year see recommendations for recurrent urinary tract infections below. Uncomplicated cases are not recurrent and occur less than 3 times per year. Previously called uncomplicated, sporadic bacterial infection of the bladder in an otherwise healthy animal with no underlying systemic, anatomic, neurologic or functional problem. Click to download Sporadic urinary tract infections ![]()
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